Cultural exchange and artistic movements
Ideas, expression and encounters across cultures.
Education milestoneThe creation and promulgation of Hangul
Introducing an alphabet designed for the Korean language.
Education milestoneThe Gutenberg Bible and European movable-type printing
Demonstrating large-scale book production using movable metal type in Europe.
Cultural historyCultural exchange along the Silk Roads
Connecting communities through the movement of goods, beliefs and knowledge.
Cultural historyAstronomical translation in Abbasid Baghdad
Bringing astronomical knowledge across languages into new scholarly work.
Cultural historyThe Harlem Renaissance
Making modern Black life a major subject and force in art and literature.
Art movementMexican muralism after the revolution
Turning public walls into arguments about revolution, labour and Mexico's history.
Literary movementThe Négritude movement
Black francophone writers challenging colonial cultural hierarchies through poetry and political thought.
Art movementThe Western Desert painting movement
Aboriginal artists bringing Country and ancestral knowledge into a major contemporary painting movement.
Cultural movementThe emergence of hip-hop in the Bronx
Young Black and Latino communities creating a culture of DJing, MCing, dance and visual expression.