Humanitarian action and reconstruction
Relief, recovery and rebuilding.
Public-health milestoneThe eradication of smallpox
Eliminating a human infectious disease through an international public-health campaign.
Public-health milestoneThe spread of oral rehydration therapy
Making lifesaving rehydration more accessible during diarrhoeal illness.
Humanitarian historyThe first Geneva Convention
Establishing treaty protections for wounded soldiers and medical assistance.
Humanitarian historyThe Marshall Plan
Supporting European economic reconstruction through a major aid programme.
Humanitarian historyThe Berlin Airlift
Supplying West Berlin by air during a Soviet blockade of surface routes.
FamineThe Biafran famine and relief airlifts
Confronting mass starvation through emergency relief during the Nigerian Civil War.
Refugee protection initiativeNansen passports for refugees
Creating an internationally recognised travel document for people without national passports.
Medical humanitarian initiativeThe founding of Médecins Sans Frontières
Building an emergency medical organisation committed to independence and speaking about suffering it witnesses.