Environmental protection and conservation
Protecting species, landscapes and shared resources.
Conservation milestoneThe Montreal Protocol
Coordinating a global phase-out of chemicals that damage the ozone layer.
Conservation milestoneThe Ramsar Convention on Wetlands
Creating an international framework for conserving and wisely using wetlands.
Conservation milestoneThe CITES wildlife-trade agreement
Using international trade controls to protect threatened wildlife.
Conservation milestoneThe establishment of Yellowstone National Park
Creating an influential national-park model on land with a much older Indigenous history.
Conservation milestoneThe Chipko forest-protection movement
Defending forests through community mobilisation and nonviolent resistance.
Environmental movementThe Green Belt Movement
Linking community tree planting with women's livelihoods and democratic participation.
Conservation campaignThe campaign to save Silent Valley
A public campaign that prevented a hydroelectric project from transforming a tropical forest.
Environmental justice movementThe Ogoni environmental justice movement
Demanding environmental repair and political rights in an oil-producing region of the Niger Delta.
Conservation programmeCosta Rica's forest recovery and environmental payments
Paying landholders for forest benefits as part of a wider reversal of deforestation.